Recent research suggests that the potential for both crop uptake of
nitrogen and denitrification increased with controlled drainage/subirrigation, and the
loss of nitrogen to drainage waters decreased when compared to conventionally-drained
cropping systems. Further research will investigate the cycling of nitrogen and water in
agroecosystems.

[The arrows indicate how much nitrogen goes into air, plant matter, soil, and
drainage components of the agroecosystem with managed versus conventional systems.]
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